The United States is grappling with a prolonged avian influenza (bird flu) outbreak that has severely impacted the poultry industry, leading to a dramatic increase in egg prices. Since 2022, millions of egg-laying hens have been culled to contain the virus, reducing supply and driving costs higher for consumers. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, experts warn that egg prices may remain elevated throughout 2025, with no immediate return to pre-crisis levels in sight.

In response to this crisis, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has announced a $1 billion initiative aimed at controlling the spread of avian flu and mitigating its economic impact. This plan includes bolstering biosecurity measures, providing financial relief to farmers, accelerating vaccine research, and temporarily easing import restrictions to supplement domestic egg supplies. However, while these steps may prevent further escalation, they are unlikely to yield immediate results in restoring price stability.

Economic forecasts suggest that egg prices could remain over 40% higher than usual for the foreseeable future. The pace of recovery depends on several factors, including the effectiveness of disease control measures, the speed at which poultry farms can rebuild their flocks, and the continued threat of new avian flu outbreaks. Given these uncertainties, analysts predict that consumers will continue facing elevated prices well into 2025, and possibly beyond.

Meanwhile, rising costs have driven increased interest in alternatives such as plant-based egg substitutes. Products like Just Egg, made from mung beans, have gained traction as a viable option in both household and commercial food preparation. These alternatives, while still a niche market, could become more mainstream as egg prices remain high and consumers seek cost-effective solutions.

While the USDA’s intervention offers a pathway toward stabilization, a return to normalcy in the egg market remains uncertain. Until poultry populations recover and supply chains stabilize, Americans should brace for continued price volatility. In the meantime, adaptation—whether through dietary changes, alternative products, or reduced consumption—may be the most practical response to the ongoing egg crisis.